Illumination shri ramdeobaba college of engineering and. Illumination is the luminous flux received by a surface per unit area. Low pressure mercury vapor lamps are a highly efficient source of uv light, particularly short wavelength uv light 254nm and 185nm. Mercury vapour pressure is typically around ten atmospheres. Mercury vapor standard hpl high pressure mercury philips lighting. The phosphor coating absorbs the uv energy, causing the phosphor to fluoresce and emit visible light. A sodiumvapor lamp is a gasdischarge lamp that uses sodium in an excited state to produce light at a characteristic wavelength near 589 nm two varieties of such lamps exist. They emit a characteristic monochromatic yellow light that is ideal for certain exterior street and area lighting applications. Low pressure sodium vapor lamps orange hid lights used primarily in commercial settings. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the mercury lamp, sodium vapour lamp and xenon lamp used in photocatalysis. The mercury lamp was the first kind of metal vapour light source that was mass produced for general lighting applications, and still today it remains one of the most popular discharge lamps produced globally. A lamp in which light is produced by an electric arc between two electrodes in an ionized mercury vapor atmosphere.
Designed by experienced engineers, and by using quality material in combination with a tightly controlled manufacturing process, we provide high quality lamps free of impurities to maintain strong and stable output throughout life of the lamp. Mercury vapor lamps are primarily used in industrial applications and outdoor lighting e. Amalgam lamps use a mercury amalgam mix to control mercury vapor pressure. Turn off the highpressure mercury lamp and wait several minutes for it to cool down.
A wide variety of high pressure mercury lamp options are available to you, such as voltage. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the mercury. Universalwaste regulations for hazardous lamps and. A wide variety of high pressure mercury vapour lamp options are available to you, such as voltage. The common fluorescent lamp is actually a low pressure mercury arc lamp.
Mercury vapour lamps operating at medium pressure and with arc tubes of aluminosilicate hard glass are classified as the ma style. May 06, 1998 a low pressure mercury vapour filled discharge lamp as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein said cathodes are coated with a material including one of baal2o4 and lia1o2 10. Within the tube are two electrode coils, one at either end. A small portion contains greater than 100 mg of mercury. I hope that it will clear up some things for the thinking people. Do not operate the high pressure mercury vapour lamp continuously for longer than 10 minutes. Find high pressure mercury uv lamps related suppliers, manufacturers, products and specifications on globalspec a trusted source of high pressure mercury uv lamps information. Low pressure uv lamps alphacure uv lamp manufacturer. Find out information about high pressure mercury vapor lamp. A discharge tube containing an inert gas and a small quantity of liquid mercury.
The lamp is provided with a luminescent layer comprising. Lowpressure sodium lamps are highly efficient electrical light sources, but. Lamp lumen outputlm lamp lumen outputlm lamp lumen outputlm 70 w hpsve 5600 70 w mhcle vertical position 5600 25 w gls 230. Mercury vapor is the original and now the oldest hid technology and has been supplanted by other hid types that offer higher efficiencies and better color properties. The inner surface of the lamp is coated with a fluorescent and often slightly phosphorescent coating made of varying blends of metallic and rareearth phosphor salts. A wide variety of 300w high pressure mercury lamp options are available to you, such as voltage. Mercury vapor technology was developed throughout the 1800s in england and germany. This file contains additional information such as exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. Mercury vapour light source unit keip bros trading co.
Again transition of the electrons requires least amount of input energy from a colliding electron. Low pressure mercury lamp learn what goes into ours. The reason for the creation of this second category of mercury lamp was to allow the efficacy to be maintained as high as possible for low wattage sources. We present results from observations of mercury s ca exosphere with. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the mercury lamp. The analysis of modern low pressure amalgam characteristics. High pressure mercury vapour lamps for general lighting. Low pressure mercury vapour discharge lamp having a very satisfactory colour rendition and a colour temperature from 2300 to 3300 k.
Once the lamp has warmed up and the mercury is fully vaporised, the discharge operates in unsaturated mercury vapour at a pressure varying from 18 bar for the smallest types, to 2 bar for the largest. In europe it has fallen out of fashion due to its relative inefficiency and rapid lumen depreciation by contrast with other light sources. Oct 14, 2014 high pressure mercury lamps are available in versions where the discharge takes place in vaporized mercury only and in versions in which metal halides are added so that the discharge takes place in mercury vapor and in vaporized metals from the metalhalide components 2, 3. Lamps of today are high pressure lamps with a fused quartz inner discharge tube. The lamp is constructed from a hollow glass tube with an aluminium cap at each end. The fact that the high pressure mercury vapour lamp could be introduced successfully as a practical light source, is due to the favourable spectral light distribution, the high luminous efficiency, the relatively small lamp dimensions and the possibility of an extensive range. Electric lamps part 07 operation of high pressure mercury vapour hpmv lamp inventor of mercury vapour hpmv lamp john thomas way london developed a mercury vapor lamp in the year1860. It includes information on the total amount of mercury in all lamp products that were sold in the u.
Quality control practices for compliance with the federal mercury vapor lamp performance standard pdf only. These types of lamps are available in ozone producing and ozonefree quartz, with a variety of phosphors. Low pressure lamps with a quartz envelope are used for germicidal purposes since they allow uv light to pass. Hps retrofits for mercury lamps, and will operate on all mercury reactor ballasts. See diagrams on how it works using an electric arc through a vaporized. Figure 1 illustrates the construction of a typical modern high pressure mercury lamp. Turn off the high pressure mercury lamp and wait several minutes for it to cool down. Removing the broken lamp debris and ventilating the area for 15 minutes if possible is recommended. Mercury vapour from lamp uk who are lighting suppliers and design specialists. A common discharge lighting luminary for use in an office environment would typically be a low pressure mercuryvapour electronic discharge fluorescent lamp. For special applications, in addition to the usual mercury lamps, helios has developed a series of uv lamps metal halide adding doping elements metal. The light would intensify as the arc grew stronger in the tube.
However, the first low pressure lamps were sold commercially in the united states in 1901 after john cooper hewitt innovated the lamp s color spectrum from bluegreen to white. This is also standard practice in mercury lamps designed for use in colder atmospheres. High pressure mercury vapour lamps for general lighting purposes. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. Engineering high intensity discharge bulletin mercury lamps. Light sources incandescent lamp discharge lamp florescent lamp sodium lamp high pressure mercury vapour lamp 3. Investigating the spectrum of a high pressure mercury lamp. They differ only in the source of mercury vapor mercury lamps use a small amount of liquid metallic mercury, while amalgam lamps rely on amalgam that is a hard alloy of mercury with metals. Mercury vapor lamps come in a variety of wattages ranging from 40750 w, and have. Inside each lamp the mercury remains in a vapour state for proper lamp operation. About 3% of these are ultraviolet lamps, 8% are mercury lamps.
A low pressure mercury vapour filled discharge lamp as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 9, where said first gas is a combination of xenon and mercury. Mercury vapour lamp article about mercury vapour lamp by. Less than 1% of the mercury in a mercury vapor lamp is in vapor form and will be released if a lamp is accidentally broken. A fluorescent lamp tube is filled with a gas containing low pressure mercury vapor and argon, xenon, neon, or krypton. The first highpressure mercury lamp, similar to the ones used today, was introduced in 1934 in the 400watt size. In case of fluorescent lamp the mercury vapour pressure is maintained at lower level such that 60% of the total input energy gets converted into 253.
A highpressure mercury vapor discharge lamp whose envelope two tungsten electrodes disposed therein of tungsten and a filling containing a rare gas, a quantity of mercury larger than 0. Mercury vapor lamps generally contain between 10 and 100 mg of mercury. Low pressure mercury lamp in addition to the medium pressure mercury and led light sources, vapourtec also offer three low pressure mercury lamps. Product information high pressure and specification. Comfort high pressure sodium for improved color rendering. Mercury vapour lamps dealing with breakages some items of laboratory equipment contain mercury vapour lamps to generate uv light. The mercury vapour lamp in construction is similar to sodium vapour lamp. The construction and applications of sodium vapour lamps. Often called germicidal or ozone absorption lamps, they are very stable light sources. In these lamps, a material, such as sodium, mercury, or metal halide, is added to the arc tube.
Dec 31, 2018 in case of fluorescent lamp the mercury vapour pressure is maintained at lower level such that 60% of the total input energy gets converted into 253. Aug 26, 2014 light sources incandescent lamp discharge lamp florescent lamp sodium lamp high pressure mercury vapour lamp 3. Lamps now available range in size from 40 watts to watts. The bulbs have an inner quartz tube containing the mercury vapor discharge.
Some items of laboratory equipment contain mercury vapour lamps to generate uv light. Sodium vapour lamp low pressure or lpsv 101175 sodium vapour lamp high pressure or hpsv 67121. Two centuries of electric light source innovations pdf. Lowpressure mercury vapourfilled discharge lamp, luminaire. Lowpressure amalgam lamps amalgam lamps use a mercury amalgam mix to control mercury vapor pressure. Turn on the mercury lamp and observe the double yellow line as the lamp heats up. A common discharge lighting luminary for use in an office environment would typically be a low pressure mercury vapour electronic discharge fluorescent lamp.
Ballasts of the correct size and type are required to operate mercury lamps on any standard electrical circuit to. A mercury vapour lamp is a high pressure electric arc discharge lamp that provides intense illumination over a selected range of wavelengths. The mercury vapour is excited by the discharge, which then returns to a lower energy state, resulting in the emission of uv radiation. The luminous efficacy of any discharge lamp falls as wattage is reduced. Do not operate the high pressure mercury vapour lamp. About 19% of these are mercury lamps, 0% are ultraviolet lamps, and 2% are ballasts. Rather than a cold spot, the lamp s amalgam spot on pellet regulates mercury vapor pressure during operation and yields up to three times the uvc output of a standard low pressure mercury lamp of the same length. They have a germicidal efficiency of 30% and can operate on lower current between 180 and 425ma. Despite their drop in popularity, however, these lamps are one of the most dependable. The mercury lamp was the first kind of metal vapour light source that was. A ground connection must be made to all ballasts to avoid shock hazard, personal injury or damage to the luminaire or installation. If you are interested in purchasing low pressure and amalgam lamps why not take a look at our uv web shop. I believe it is important information, so please read it through if you have the time.
It gives greenish blue colour light, which causes colour distortion. Since sodium vapor fixtures are more energy efficient than mercury vapor, a smaller lamp size may provide equal or greater lumen output per kilowatthour of electricity, resulting in a net savings in the monthly energy cost. They have an efficiency of up to 190 lumens per watt compared to an incandescent street lamp which has between 15 and 19. Ep0229428a1 lowpressure mercury vapour discharge lamp. Iii mercury containing lamps are used for their energy. Rather than a cold spot, the lamps amalgam spot on pellet regulates mercury vapor pressure during operation and yields up to three times the uvc output of a standard low pressure mercury lamp of the same length. Use of uv germicidal lamps inside biosafety cabinets. Mercury vapor lamps are bright, longlasting light sources that are.
Firstly, they are tailored to respond to shortwave uv, whereas the high pressure discharge radiates a mixture of both short and longwave uv. A sodiumvapor lamp is a gasdischarge lamp that uses sodium in an excited state to produce light at a characteristic wavelength near 589 nm. Low pressure mercuryarc ushio germicidal lamps are lowpressure mercuryarc lamps that emit radiation peaking at 253. A mercury vapor lamp is a gas discharge lamp that uses an electric arc through vaporized mercury to produce light. A fluorescent lamp is a low weight mercury vapour lamp that uses fluorescence to deliver visible light. These lamps ma type are manufactured in 250 and 400 w ratings for use on 200250 v ac supply. The outer bulb may be clear or coated with a phosphor. After that the lamp would heat fast and mercury became a vapor. Mercury vapor lamps are the oldest highintensity discharge lamps in existence, although they are rapidly becoming outmoded by high pressure sodium, metal halide and fluorescent lamps. Cleveland, oh 44112 usa less than 1% of the mercury in a high pressure sodium lamp is in vapor form and will be released if a lamp is accidentally broken.
Historically, the most common method of generating uv radiation involves the use of a low pressure lp mercury vapour continuous wave lamp with a monochromatic output of 253. These lamps ma type are manufactured in 250 and 400 w ratings for use on 200250 vac supply. Sodium vapor lamps are some of the most efficient lamps in the world. Mercury use in lighting this fact sheet summarizes the use of mercury in lighting devices, such as fluorescent lamps, high intensity discharge hid lamps e. Hach replacement uv for toc analyzers, arc imaging, chromatography, photochemistry, calibration of uv detectors, calibrations of spectrophotometer, and more. Such lamps generate an atmosphere of mercury vapour at high pressure. They feature excellent lumen maintenance and quick restrike times. Uv medium pressure mercury vapour lamps these uv lamps, emit across the entire spectrum of ultraviolet light uva, uvb and uvc with peak emission in the uva range at 366 nm. It should be noted that uv lamps installed inside bscs have limitations that all researchers and users should know about before relying on them for protection against contamination and exposure to personnel. In lowpressure mercuryvapor lamps only the lines at 184 nm and 253 nm are present.
Dec, 2017 friends is video me ham discuss karenge mercury vapour lamp ke bare me. Figure 614 shows the basic configuration of a hid lamp. Dec 21, 2015 electric lamps part 07 operation of high pressure mercury vapour hpmv lamp inventor of mercury vapour hpmv lamp john thomas way london developed a mercury vapor lamp in the year1860. Turn on the mercury lamp and observe the double yellow line as the lamp. As with fluorescent lights, hid lights require a ballast for proper lamp. Mercury lamps are used primarily for general street, parking and hibay industrial lighting applications where good efficiency and long life is desired and. An electric current in the gas energizes mercury vapor which delivers ultraviolet radiation through discharge process and the ultraviolet radiation causes the phosphor coating of the lamp inner wall to radiate visible light. Search the history of over 424 billion web pages on the internet. This was the first commercial kind of mercury lamp which was mass produced for general lighting. Learn about this popular light invented in 1901 by peter cooper hewitt. Bob maccargar ive been meaning to write this for some time. High pressure sodium vapour lamps metal halide lamps high pressure mercury vapour lamps fluorescent tubular lamps compact fluorescent lamps. A mercuryvapor lamp is a gas discharge lamp that uses an electric arc through vaporized mercury to produce light. Set up the ocular such that the yellow lines are well in focus.
The arc discharge is generally confined to a small fused quartz arc tube mounted within a larger borosilicate glass bulb. Mercury vapor lamps feature low initial cost, but have higher operating costs than hps or metal halide due to its lower. Do not touch the body of the lamp after switching on. Low pressure mercury vapor lamps, usually supplied with bscs, emit germicidal radiation at a wavelength of 254nm for about 6000 hours. These lamps have an operating lifetime of up to 12,000 hours and convert up to 40% of the lamps electrical power into uvc, offering an efficient and costeffective alternative to medium pressure mercury lamps for disinfection systems. During operation the body of the lamp will get hot so that there is a risk of getting burned. A mercuryvapor lamp is a gas discharge lamp that uses an electric arc through vaporized. These offer specific wavelength emission and provide wavelengths not available with the medium pressure mercury or led light sources. All highintensitydischarge lamps produce light from an arc tube that is usually contained in an outer glass bulb. Instant restrike high pressure sodium dual arctube delivers 40,000 hours rated average life vs. I believe it is important information, so please read it.
Retrolux high pressure sodium replace mercury vapor with energy efficient hps. After the experiment, leave the high pressure mercury vapour lamp to cool. Low pressure mercury lamps have been manufactured in jelight company inc. The lamps come in both standard and high output selections and are ozone free. Softglass lamps are one of our quality low pressure mercury lamp products. Mercury vapor lamps highintensity discharge hid lamps with blue white light, used as exterior yard lights.